About the mysterious event in history involving the construction of the perfect Cheops pyramid(PART-1).

The Event: THE BUILDING OF THE CHEOPS PYRAMID

When: About 2650 B.C.

Where: Egypt

The Mystery: The stones in the pyramid built by Cheops are put together so accurately you can't get a piece of paper between them. The pyramid itself weighs at least 6 million tons. Traditional history tells us that it was erected during the 22 years of Cheops's reign by 4,000 stonemasons and 100,000 workers, who each year spent 3 months dragging the stones into position. The mystery? Some of the stones weigh as much as 5 tons. How could humans, working with primitive machines available at the time, lift those stones? How were the 100,000 workers fed? How were the stonemasons able to shape the stones with such precision?

The entrance to the "chamber of the King," where Cheops was supposedly entombed, was plugged with a piece of granite larger then the corridor. The Arabs found it when they entered the tomb for the 1st time in the 9th century. Inside the tomb they found no body or tools, only a box of red granite. The mystery? The granite plug, because it was larger than the corridor, had to be placed there during the building. How could grave robbers get in, then? What was the box for?

The height of the pyramid is 148.20 m., a measure directly related to the distance from the earth to the sun--148,208,000 km. (This distance was not calculated so precisely until 1860 A.D.) The pyramid is oriented to the cardinal directions with an error of only 4 deg. 35'. (Tycho Brahe, the great 16th-century astronomer, made an error of 18 deg. when placing the Uranienborg Observatory.) The mystery? If the pyramid was built not as a tomb but as an astronomical monument, how were the Egyptians able to make such accurate measurements?

Possible Solutions: All kinds of people--from archaeologists to mystics--have theories about the pyramids.

How was it built? Some say that the stones were floated up the Nile on rafts, then put in place with wooden rollers.

To float a 5-ton stone, a raft would have to displace 5 tons of water. There is no evidence that the Egyptians had such monster rafts.

Others say that it was built by the superior superrace of Atlantis. Still others say it was built by beings from outer space. Morris K. Jessup, astrophysicist and UFO buff, says, "Levitation is the only feasible answer. I believe that this lifting machine was a spaceship, probably of vast proportions; that it brought colonists to various parts of the earth... that it supplied the heavy lift power for erecting great stone works; and that it was suddenly destroyed or taken away. Such a hypothesis would underwrite all the movements of stone over which archaeologists and engineers have pondered."

YOU WANT A DETALED HISTORY ABOUT PYRAMID THEN CLICK HERE

http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/pyramid/explore/

Trench Warfare and the Civil War

1816: James Watt, inventor of the steam engine, begins designing a multi-barrel gun. It can fire ata bout 125 round per minute.

1817: The Watt Gun is first produced. It has 6 barells, with two hoppers feeding the gun (one for bullets and one for percussion caps). This gun is not parctical.

1820-1854: Various inventors redesign the Watt Gun to some extent. By 1854, the latest 'design' is lighter and is tripod mounted.

1842-1859: Breech-loading rifles begin to appear in European armies. The US Army adaopts the Dreyse Needle Gun in 1852. Colt gets a liscense to build this gun in America. Horace Smith begins work on what he calls an 'automatic rifle'. This new rifle is hopper feed and hand-cranked, and has one barrel.

1855: Horace Smith begins redesigning the Watt Gun. His new gun will be lighter, with 4 barrels, and fed through one hopper. Richard Gatling takes over Smith's work when it becomes too demanding.

1856: The first Gattling gun is produced. It can fire at an austonishing rate of fire of 350 rounds! The US Army is impresses, and begins to order them in numbers, from Springfield and Harpers Ferry.

1857: The first Smith sub-Gatling gun design is submitted. It is hopper-fed, and is hand-cranked. It can fire up to 175 rounds per minute on the best days. The US Army orders 45 guns for testing.

1861
April 12: The Civil War begins when Confederate Gun boats fire on Fort Sumpter. All through the night, the Fort is shelled, but not stormed.

April 13: Confederate Army forces finally enter Fort Sumpter. The are met with fire from Gatling guns and two Smith Guns. Eventually, after 14 hours of fighting, the Confederate forces capture the Fort.
Also, Harpers Ferry is captured by Confederate forces. Producation of Gatling guns increases as much as possible.

April 15: First Battle of Manassas. 5,000 Union soldiers and 9,000 Confederate soldiers die in this battle. The Union has constructed several shallow trenches, and the the Confederacy takes massive losses. Eventually, the Confederacy breaks through at a high price.

October 15: After 7 months of stalemating, due to both sides digging and re-enforcing their positions, Federal forces launch Operation Titan. 100,000 soldiers push towards Confederate positions, supplemented by Gatling guns and a few Wesson (ex-Smith) guns.

October 16: Operation Titan stops after just 6 miles of territory is taken with bitter fighting. Apparentley, Pinkerton and his agents underestimated the size of the Confederate Army. President Lincoln orders the Operation Titan is to be suspened.
At both sides armories, production of guns (most noteable Gattling and Wesson) increases.

November 9: Confederate forces push towards Washington. Their advance, like some many other through out this whole war, stalls and stops completley short of their objective.

November 11: West Texas breaks away from the rest of Texas, and forms the territory of Sequyah. The Confederacy sends 8,000 soldiers into Sequyah, but Union and Sequyian soldiers stop the advance.

November 15: Blockade of the Confederate coastline begins. The break this blockade, three new weapons are conveived. The first it the CSS Virginia, and ironclad warship; an underwater "gun" that uses compresed air to fire a projectile; and the world's first submarine.

November 17: The US lays down the USS Monitor designed by John Ericksson.

December 3: The Spencer automatic carbine, or auto-carb, is designed. It is feed through a 50 round drum placed in the middle of the gun, like a revolver. To reload, the gunner swings open the drum, and pops out all empty shells. Then, the soldier can either fit all 50 rounds in at once, or use 5 or 10 round easy loader. After much though, the designers instead design a gun that is fed through a 30-round stick, and shells are ejected by a special spring.