"PELE{"-THE KING OF FOOTBALL

Pele


Born: 23 October, 1940. Tres Coracoes, Brazil
International Caps 92
International Goals 77
Teams Santos, New York Cosmos
Team Honours World Cup (1958, 62, 70)
World Club Championship (1962, 63)
Sao Paulo State Championship (1956, 58, 60, 61, 62, 64, 56, 67, 68)
Individual Honours South American Player of the Year (1973)

"I was born for soccer, just as Beethoven was born for music." Arrogant, pompous words. Except when they are spoken by Edson Arantes do Nascimento, the Brazilian genius known throughout the football world as Pele.

A veteran of four World Cups, scorer of 1,283 first-class goals - 12 of them in World Cup final tournaments - a member of those magical Brazilian squads that won soccer's greatest prize in 1958, 1962 and 1970.

But just as a collection of notes do not make a Beethoven symphony, statistics cannot capture the majesty of those glorious Brazilian sides. This was football played to a samba beat. Beautiful skills, astonishing speed and ball control - and of all those great players in the yellow and green shirts, Pele was the greatest of them all.

He was lithe, agile, strong and seemed to be able to make the ball do as he pleased. Blessed with a stunning shot and an ability to soar above defences, he was expected to perform some astonishing feat of trickery every time he was in possession.

And Brazil played such adventurous football, always attacking, constantly looking to score. Who can forget the rythmic chanting of their deliriously happy supporters? "Bra-zil, cha cha cha, Bra-zil, cha cha cha."

It was the 1962 World Cup in Chile when those chants were heard for the first time in Europe on TV and British fans were quick to copy. First club names were shouted out, followed by a burst of clapping. Soon the strains of "ee-ay-addeo" echoed round Football League grounds.

Three decades on, the chants may be different. But it was the Brazil of Pele which gave them to the world.

Pele was born in the poor district of Tres Coracoes in 1940. His father, known as Dondhino, was a footballer too, but an undistinguished one.

Pele was in love with football from the time he learned to kick a ball. But his mother was not so keen. Dondhino earned little money from the game and she wanted something better for her son. Had she got her way, football would have been denied one of its greatest talents.

Pele's precocious skill came to the attention of de Brito, a former Brazilian international who began to coach him. In 1954, aged 14, he joined Bauru Athletic Club juniors in Sao Paulo. At 16, despite a knee injury which was to trouble him throughout his career, he moved to Santos where he remained until 1974.

Together, Pele and Santos were to become legends, touring Europe and playing friendly matches. One of the British sides to entertain them was Sheffield Wednesday. As late as 1972, Pele turned out in his club's famous all-white strip to play one half in a goodwill visit to Hillsborough.

It was the World Cup of 1958 in Sweden which was to create the stage for Pele's genius. He was 17 and had won his first cap the previous year. He arrived in Sweden with an injury and was held back until Brazil's third and final group match against the Soviet Union in Gothenburg.


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1958_FIFA_World_Cup


Brazil won 2-0, Pele hit the post, laid on the second goal for Vava and a star had been born. The quarter-final was against Wales. Brazil only won 1-0. The scorer was Pele, his shot deflecting off Stuart Williams. It was his first World Cup goal - and he was to score six in a sequence of three games by the time the final was over.

A hat-trick against France in the semi-final was followed by two goals against Sweden in the final. One of them, a breathtaking effort, was described by the football authority Brian Glanville in his book, The Story of the World Cup.

"Catching a high ball in the thick of the penalty area on his thigh," wrote Glanville, "he hooked it over his head, whirled round and volleyed mightily past Svensson." Pele also hit the post as the Swedes went down 5-2 in front of their home crowd. Brazil had won the World Cup for the first time and a teenage prodigy was on his way to international fame and fortune.


By 1962 Brazil were the undisputed kings of football and Pele was rated the best player in the world. He was just 21. But the Chile finals were to be shortlived for him as Brazil sought to retain their crown.

1962 World Cup Winners

Brazil
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1962_FIFA_World_Cup

Their opening match was against Mexico. Brazil won 2-0, Pele scoring a brilliant goal in which he beat four men before putting the ball past the keeper. But in the next game, a 0-0 draw with Czechoslovakia, Pele tore a thigh muscle which put him out of the tournament. Brazil became double world champions, beating Czechoslovakia 3-1 in the final. But if 1962 was bad for Pele, 1966 was worse. This time for him and his country. The year of England's greatest football triumph saw Brazil lose their first World Cup match for 12 years and then they crashed out of the tournament in the first round as Pele was literally kicked off the park by the butchers of Portugal.

Brazil played just three games in the 1966 World Cup, all of them at Everton's Goodison Park. They got off to a reasonable start beating Bulgaria 2-0, Pele scoring from a free kick. But in the second game, with Pele missing through injury, they were given a football lesson by the mighty Magyars of Hungary, going down 3-1.

Pele was back for the crucial tie with Portugal, but it was soon obvious he was far from full fitness. Brazil had made seven changes after that shock defeat by Hungary, but it made no difference as Portugal quickly let it be known they were taking no prisoners. Morais cynically chopped down Pele in brutal fashion and was amazingly allowed to stay on the pitch by English referee George McCabe. Pele was forced off and, though Brazil were merely a shadow of the sides that had ruled the world, football won few friends by the manner of Portugal's 3-1 victory.

Pele vowed never to appear in another World Cup, but by 1970 he had changed his mind. This time the tournament was held in sunny Mexico and this Brazilian team was probably the greatest of them all.

1970 FIFA World Cup - Mexico



1970 World Cup Winners    
Brazil
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1970_FIFA_World_Cup

Pele, the boy who had played alongside Zito and Garrincha, the young man who had traded passes with Amarildo and Didi, was now a 29-year-old veteran lining-up in an attack that included Rivelino, Tostao and the incomparable Jairzinho.

And in the heat of Guadalajara he was to take part in one of the finest World Cup matches - the clash of champions against World Cup holders England.

Brazil's opening match was against Czechoslovakia who they tore apart 4-1. However, playing fabulous attacking football, Brazil left themselves open at the back and went a goal down. They soon equalised through a scintillating, swerving free kick from Rivelino. After that, it was one-way traffic, Pele getting the second and Jairzinho the last two.

Now it was England's turn. And what a match it was. This England team was regarded by many as technically superior to the side that had won the World Cup at Wembley in 1966. Alan Mullery was deputed to mark Pele and did a terrific job. But how do you mark genius? By the tenth minute, Pele was stealing in at the far post, towering above England's defence to drive down a Jairzinho cross with a ferocious header.

If ever a goal looked a certainty, this was it. As the ball screamed towards its destination inside the post, somehow, miraculously, Gordon Banks got a hand to it and flicked it up over the bar.

The save of the century? Probably. Pele could only stand and stare in amazement - along with several million incredulous TV viewers around the world.

The game, often branded the "real" final, was a classic. England defended brilliantly, Alan Ball hit the bar, but a Jairzinho goal - laid on by who else but Pele - was enough to give Brazil a 1-0 victory.

Afterwards, a picture of one of the great moments of sportsmanship flashed round the world. It was of Pele and England's captain Bobby Moore, stripped to the waist, swapping shirts and embracing each other, both recognising that the other was a master of his trade. Pele scored twice in Brazil's final group match in a 3-2 defeat of Romania before they disposed of Peru 4-2 and Uruguay 3-1 to reach the final.

Brazil's opponents were Italy and, as both teams had won the World Cup twice, it meant the victors would keep the Jules Rimet Trophy permanently.

Pele, in his World Cup swansong, scored with a spectacular header and made two other goals as Brazil, playing football which seemed on another level to anything the game had seen before, crushed Italy 4-1.

Brazil had become the first nation to win a hat-trick of World Cups. Pele retired from international football soon afterwards, but continued to play for Santos for a further four years. When he finally called it a day at the age of 34, Santos marked his passing by removing the No.10 shirt from their line-up. It was an admission that no-one could compare with The Master.

Then, in 1975, Pele surprised everyone by coming out of retirement to play for the New York Cosmos in America's fledgling soccer league. The price probably helped - a small matter of $4.5 million.

He stayed for two years and in 1976 played for Team America in the Bicentennial Tournament against England. His Yankee team-mate that day was none other than Bobby Moore appearing against his old colleagues!

Honours

Santos TEAM

Official Tournaments

Campeonato Paulista champion in 1958, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1964, 1965, 1967, 1968, 1969 and 1973
Torneio Rio-São Paulo champion in 1959, 1963 and 1964[23]
Torneio Roberto Gomes Pedrosa (Taça de Prata) champion in 1968
Taça Brasil champion in 1961, 1962, 1963, 1964 and 1965
Copa Libertadores champion in 1962 and 1963
Intercontinental Cup in 1962 and 1963
South-American Recopa in 1968


New York Cosmos
NASL champion in 1977


Brazil
World Cup champion in 1958, 1962, 1970
Roca Cup: 1957, 1963
Copa O'Higgins: 1959
Copa Atlântica: 1960

Personal life
Pelé has been married twice; first in 1966, to Rosemeri, with whom he had three children. This marriage ended in divorce in 1982. He married Assiria on April 30, 1994 and the couple have two children.

In addition to his children from two marriages, Pele has at least one other daughter, Sandra Regina Arantes do Nascimento (a city councillor for the Workers' Party (Port. Partido dos Trabalhadores) city of Santos who died of breast cancer on October 17, 2006 at age 42 while still in office).

The end of a supreme career finally came in 1977 when Pele hung up his boots for good and settled for a role as a sporting ambassador, later becoming Brazil's Minister for Sport. He also popped up from time to time endorsing the virtues of Pespi Cola.
After football
The most notable area of Pelé's life since football is his ambassadorial work for various bodies. In 1992, Pelé was appointed a United Nations ambassador for ecology and the environment. He was awarded Brazil's Gold Medal for outstanding services to the sport in 1995, Brazilian President Fernando Henrique Cardoso appointed him to the position of "Extraordinary Minister for Sport" and he was appointed a UNESCO Goodwill Ambassador. During this time he proposed legislation to reduce corruption in Brazilian football, which became known as the Pelé law. Pelé left his position in 2001 after he was accused of involvement in a bribery scandal. In 1997 he was given an honorary British knighthood.

Pelé scouted for Premiership Football Team Fulham FC in 2002. He was chosen to do the draw for the qualification groups 2006 FIFA World Cup finals, in which what team would be selected onto what group.

Pelé has published several autobiographies, starred in documentary and semi-documentary films and composed various musical pieces, including the entire soundtrack for the film Pelé in 1977. He appeared, alongside other footballers of the 1960s and 1970s, Michael Caine, and Sylvester Stallone, in the 1981 film Escape to Victory, about an attempted escape from a World War II Nazi POW Camp. Pelé was one of the first black persons to be featured on the cover of Life magazine, and was the first sports figure featured in a video game with the Atari 2600 game Pelé's Soccer.

He is now represented by Prime Licensing, a company created by Jose Alves de Araujo to launch a line of products to compete with the biggest names in fashion.[citation needed] In addition, Pelé signed a major autobiographical book deal in 2006, resulting in a giant-sized, 45cmx35cm, 2,500 unit limited-edition collectible "Pele", created by UK luxury publishers, Gloria, as the first-ever football 'big book'. In the same period, Pelé received a lifetime achievement award from the BBC and in June 2006, helped inaugurate the 2006 FIFA World Cup finals, alongside supermodel Claudia Schiffer. Pele has also helped to promote viagra and raise the awareness of impotency; it is not known whether he is afflicted by the condition himself thoug


But even now, 20 years on, such was his greatness that whenever Brazil are mentioned, the name that comes first to football fans' lips everywhere is Pele . . . the one and only.

LINKS
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelé

PLAY WITH PELE

http://www.360soccer.com/pele/peleplay.html

VEDIOS
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KFgkzOSBA2s

FIFA RECORDS
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FIFA_World_Cup_records

A-Adolf Hitler-THE DEFEATED "FUEHRER"(SUPREME) OF GERMANY

Hitler
HITLER, leader of the German Nazi party and, from 1933 until his death, dictator of Germany. He rose from the bottom of society to conquer first Germany and then most of Europe. Riding on a wave of European fascism after World War I and favored by traditional defects in German society, especially its lack of cohesion, he built a Fascist regime unparalleled for barbarism and terror. His rule resulted in the destruction of the German nation-state and its society, in the ruin of much of Europe's traditional structure, and in the extermination of about 6 million Jews. He was eventually defeated, but his temporary success demonstrated frighteningly, at the brink of the atomic age, the vulnerability of civilization.

Early Years

Hitler was born on April 20, 1889, at Braunau-am-Inn, Austria. Alois, his father, had risen from a poor peasant background to become an Austrian customs official and was able to provide his son with a secondary school education. Adolf, a bright and talented student at his village school, felt out of place in the much larger urban secondary school. He gave himself up to aimless reading, dreamed about becoming an artist, and developed a talent for evading responsibilities. Poor school marks prevented him from obtaining the customary graduation certificate. After the death of his father, he left his home in Linz, Upper Austria, in 1907 to seek his fortune in Vienna.





Hitler's professed aim in Vienna was to study art, especially architecture, but he twice failed, in 1907 and 1908, to get admitted to the Academy of Fine Arts. These failures destroyed what little order he had established in his life. He withdrew completely from family and friends and wandered aimlessly through the city, observing its life. Though he continued to read voraciously, he derived most of his knowledge from secondhand sources, coffeehouse talk, newspapers, and pamphlets. He encountered the writings of an obscure author whose racist and anti-Semitic ideas impressed him. Politically, he turned to a fervent German nationalism and a vague anti-Marxism. But at this time he was probably mainly interested in being accepted as an artist and architect.

When the money left by his parents ran out, Hitler fell into total poverty, lodging in a men's hostel. Grudgingly, he decided to support himself by painting postcards and watercolors and to accommodate himself to the mixed company of tramps, outcasts, cranks, and transients that populated his lodgings. In both respects he did the barest minimum; he never learned to work regularly, and he remained essentially a loner. But he learned an invaluable lesson: how to evaluate and exploit the mentality of these marginal people, the Lumpenproletariat. He never considered that they posed a social problem, however, and for the rest of his life he mistook them for the real working class.

Military Service

In 1913, Hitler moved to Munich in the hope both of evading Austrian military service and of finding a better life in the Germany he admired so much. Opportunities for making a living, however, were even fewer in Munich than in Vienna, which partly explains his relief and enthusiasm at the outbreak of World War I. Hitler served throughout the war as a volunteer in a Bavarian infantry regiment, operating mostly in the front line as a headquarters runner. He was wounded in the leg in 1916 and gassed in 1918. Significantly enough, he was never promoted to a leadership position, but he was awarded unusually high decorations for bravery in action. The war had a profound influence on him. It provided him, finally, with a purpose that filled the void in his life. He was especially impressed by, and learned much about, violence and its uses. Hitler the artist was dead, and the politician was soon to emerge.

Rise to Political Leadership

The end of the war and Germany's humiliating defeat again deprived his life of meaning, and he turned against the revolution in Germany and the pacifist Weimar republic that he imagined had caused him to be so deprived. Soon afterward he discovered his power as a public speaker when, after his return to Munich, the Bavarian military command appointed him an instructor in a program for the political indoctrination of the troops. In September 1919, while an army political agent, he encountered the German Workers' party (Deutsche Arbeiterpartei), a small group interested in extending the message of nationalism to the workers. It later renamed itself the Nationalsozialistiche Deutsche Arbeiterpartei (National Socialist German Workers' party, NSDAP, or Nazis).


FLAG OF GERMANY

Hitler quickly recognized that this party offered him a better chance for his new goal: political power. In April 1920 he left the army to devote all his time to his position as chief propagandist for the party. He developed a new system of political propaganda, one that emphasized mass emotionalism and violent provocation. Hitler was a masterly demagogue, and the party soon became a factor in Bavarian politics, mainly attracting the urban petty bourgeoisie. In July 1921, he became party chairman with dictatorial powers.

His goal was to overthrow the government, but he had to compete with numerous other Bavarian right-wing groups and with his friend Ernst Roehm, a Bavarian staff officer. Roehm advocated the primacy of the military and wanted to incorporate the party's paramilitary units, called the SA, or Storm Troopers (Sturmabteilung) into his secret army, while Hitler insisted on the primacy of politics. When the French occupied the Ruhr in January 1923, German nationalist feelings ran high, and military authorities prepared for mobilization. The views of Roehm and the other right-wingers now seemed to be prevailing; Hitler thereupon tried to regain control of the movement by his Beer Hall Putsch of Nov. 8-9, 1923. The putsch was aimed at capturing, first, the government of Bavaria, and then the nation's, but the Bavarian authorities were able to suppress it.

The failure of the putsch destroyed the party organization, severed its army ties, and resulted in prison terms for Hitler and other leaders. Hitler used his trial to gain nationwide attention for his cause. He served nine months of his 5-year sentence in the fortress of Landsberg, where he wrote Mein Kampf in an effort to demonstrate that his leadership was based on intellectual as well as political superiority.

Hitler's writing in Mein Kampf is crude and disorganized, and his ideas are not original, but the book is still an important document. The most persistent theme is social Darwinism: the struggle for life governs the relationships of both individuals and nations. He argued that the German people, supposedly racially superior, were threatened by liberalism, Marxism, humanism, and bolshevism, which were directed from behind the scenes by the Jews. Relief would come from a plebiscital dictatorship that would fight a relentless war against internal and external foes, in the process conquering Lebensraum (living space) that would make Germany militarily and economically unassailable. Hitler was much more effective when writing about the techniques of power and demagoguery. He appears in the book as a man determined, and to some degree able, to implement even the maddest schemes.

Rebuilding the Nazi Party



When Hitler left prison and tried to rebuild the party, he met with great difficulties. He was challenged in northern Germany by the " socialist Nazi left leader Gregor Strasser, who aimed his appeal at the workers. To meet the challenge, Hitler wooed certain extremist military groups, the leftovers from World War I. While the workers ignored Strasser's program, the military outcasts eagerly followed Hitler. At a party conference in May 1926, Hitler outflanked Strasser and won back the dictatorial chairmanship, which he subsequently reinforced by declaring the party program unalterable, thus undercutting any attempt to revive the controversy over socialism.

Social conditions still prevented the party from growing, however. Interest in extremist solutions had waned as Germany had regained economic and political stability. In addition, Hitler was prohibited from speaking, which deprived him of his most powerful weapon. His breakthrough came in 1929, when the German Nationalist party made him politically respectable by soliciting his help in its vicious campaign against the Young Plan's arrangements for German reparations. In September 1930, after the depression had hit Germany, the Nazis made their first substantial showing (18.3% of the vote) in national elections, and from then on Hitler seemed to rise irresistibly. He still used propaganda, demagoguery, and terror, but he now proclaimed, and defended against strong party opposition, a policy of legality. While his propaganda appealed to the lower class victims of the depression, his insistence on legality made him acceptable to the conservatives, nationalists, and the military.

Personal Life and Rise to Power



During this period, Hitler lived mainly from royalties for his book and fees for newspaper articles. He was able to afford an apartment in Munich, a villa in the Alps, and a car, but his style of life remained modest. He had a craving for pastries, movies, and Richard Wagner's music. His behavior still alternated between outbursts of energy and periods of inactivity and laziness. His sex life seems to have been abnormal. In 1928 he began a passionate affair with his niece Geli Raubal. The affair ended tragically in 1931 when Geli, feeling suffocated by his tyranny, committed suicide. After he became dictator, he made Eva Braun, a clerk, his mistress, but refused to marry her in order to preserve his image as a self-denying public servant.

APART FROM ALL THE ACTIVITIES "FUEHRER" WAS A GOOD PAINTER ,FEW WERE IN LONDON NOW FOR AUCTION COSTING ABOUT 600,000 $






In 1932, with Germany close to anarchy, Hitler's career approached its crisis. He narrowly lost to the incumbent Paul von Hindenburg in the presidential elections in April, and the Nazis polled their highest vote (37.2%) in the July elections. In the November elections, however, the Nazi vote decreased to 33.1%. Hitler had lost prestige through his stubborn insistence on "total power; the party was psychologically and financially exhausted; and the depression was beginning to wane. At this moment, a conservative group led by former Chancellor Franz von Papen arranged for Hitler to enter the government. On Jan. 30, 1933, the aged President Hindenburg appointed him chancellor in a coalition government with the conservatives.



The conservatives deluded themselves in thinking they could use Hitler for their own interests. Within four months, Hitler had dramatically established his mastery over them and over all other political groups. He had destroyed the Communist and Socialist parties and the labor unions; forced the bourgeois and right wing parties to dissolve; emasculated or destroyed the paramilitary organizations; eliminated the federal structure of the republic; and on March 23, 1933, won from a decimated and intimidated Reichstag an enabling law that gave him dictatorial powers. His success came from a combination of pseudo-democratic mass demonstrations; terror by the SA and the Nazi-controlled police, which accelerated after the Reichstag fire in February; and a seemingly conservative program that kept the conservatives quiescent.

Consolidation of Power



The Fuehrer Oath (August 2, 1934)

In early 1934, however, he faced new conflicts, mainly from within the party. The SA, still led by Roehm, and the Nazi left vigorously opposed his alliance with business and military leaders, and a group of monarchists was campaigning for a restoration of the monarchy. Hindenburg's deteriorating health raised the question of his succession. Hitler survived the crisis by adopting the most radical methods. He rallied behind himself the party leaders, the army, and HIMMLER 's SS (the Schutzstaffel, or Blackshirts), and on June 30, 1934, he struck. A number of SA leaders, monarchists, and other opponents were murdered; the influence of the SA was drastically reduced; and Hitler emerged as the undisputed master of Germany. When Hindenburg died on August 2, Hitler officially assumed the title of Fuhrer, or supreme head of Germany.

From 1935 to 1938 he consolidated his dictatorship. The basis of his power was still his control over the masses, who admired him as the "man of the people and falsely credited Germany's economic recovery to him. (Its real architect had been Hjalmar Schacht, a conservative banker.) In 1937-1938 the economy reached full employment, thanks to an increasingly reckless rearmament policy. Hitler also protected his position by promoting rivalries among his subordinates, and he encouraged Himmler to build a formidable apparatus of terror by means of the SS, the Gestapo, and the concentration camps. He then escalated the persecution of the Jews through the Nuremberg Laws of 1935, which deprived Jews of their citizenship and forbade marriages between Jews and non-Jews. Additional restrictive laws were passed during the next few years, and Hitler's policies resulted in a large-scale emigration of Jews, socialists, and intellectuals and in the virtual destruction of Weimar Germany's highly creative culture.

Preparations for War

In foreign affairs, as long as Hitler felt weak, he shielded his regime by peaceful declarations and by treaties, such as those with the Vatican in July 1933 and with Poland in January 1934. Nevertheless, he indicated his true intentions in October 1933, when he withdrew from the League of Nations. As his strength increased, he proceeded to remove the restrictions imposed by the Versailles Treaty by proclaiming open rearmament in March 1935 and by remilitarizing the Rhineland in 1936. Simultaneously, he tried to win the neutrality of Britain through a naval treaty in June 1935, and gained Italy's allegiance by supporting MUSSOLINI's Ethiopian war (1935-1936). The Italian alliance materialized in October 1936, strengthened by their joint interference in the Spanish Civil War.


MUSSOLINI

From the outset, Hitler had been determined to conquer Lebensraum. In November 1937 he disclosed his war plans to his ministers, and when they objected, he dismissed Schacht and the heads of the army and of the foreign ministry. By replacing these men, he eliminated the last traces of the conservative alliance and cleared the way for war. Under the guise of a policy of self-determination, Hitler annexed Austria in March 1938 and the Sudetenland, the German-inhabited border areas of Czechoslovakia, in October. By disclaiming any further expansionist aims, he won approval of the Sudetenland occupation from Britain, France, and Italy at a conference in Munich. When he nevertheless extended his rule over all of Czechoslovakia in March 1939 and then threatened Poland, Britain and France abandoned their appeasement policy and guaranteed Poland's integrity. Unimpressed, Hitler continued his preparations by signing a nonaggression pact with Russia on August 23. When he attacked an unyielding Poland on September 1, Britain and France surprised him by declaring war.

Early Successes in World War II

Allied inactivity and a lightning victory over Poland permitted Hitler to mobilize his forces fully and to persuade his reluctant generals to intensify the war effort. In April 1940, German troops conquered Norway and Denmark; in May and June they swept through the Netherlands, Belgium, and France. On June 22, a triumphant Hitler forced France to sign an armistice at Compiegne, the site of the armistice of 1918. He was at the peak of his career, having now proved himself a superior military commander, and he began to build his New Order in Europe. The New Order's only tangible result was Heinrich Himmler's policy of racial reorganization. It combined a senseless resettlement of racially "valuable populations with a relentless suppression and extermination of "subhumans, among them about 6 million Jews, through slave labor, concentration camps, gas chambers, firing squads, and starvation.


A member of Einsatzgruppe D murders a Jew who is kneeling before a filled mass grave in Vinnitsa, Ukraine, in 1942. The back of the photo is inscribed "The last Jew in Vinnista".





A member of the U.S. Congressional Nazi crimes committee visiting Buchenwald concentration camp shortly after its liberation

Meanwhile, Britain's determination and the imminent conflict with Russia forced Hitler to go on. After unsuccessfully trying to defeat Britain through a heavy bombing attack on the British Isles and a ground offensive against British troops in North Africa, Hitler turned with full force to the east. On June 22, 1941, he launched his attack on the Soviet Union. But the German advance was stopped before Moscow by a harsh winter and a Russian counterattack. At the same time Japan, with which Germany had a nonaggression pact, attacked Pearl Harbor, and Hitler declared war on the United States.

Military Reversals

In 1942, Hitler was still scoring victories in the Ukraine and in North Africa, but his judgment increasingly failed him. He withdrew into his headquarters, concentrating on military affairs to the exclusion of politics and diplomacy, and quarreling with his generals' judgments. With the German defeat at Stalingrad and the Allied reconquest of North Africa in 1943, the war was lost. Hitler, however, ordered the total mobilization of the economy and tried to rebuild Mussolini's regime in northern Italy after its collapse in July 1943. He also maintained his almost hypnotic power over his entourage and the masses, assisted by Allied air raids against the cities, which rekindled the fighting spirit of the people.

Hitler's Last Days

A group of civilians and officers had been conspiring since 1938 to overthrow Hitler. But Hitler's popularity with the masses, the conspirators' need for complete secrecy, and their recurring doubts about the rightness of their cause handicapped them. Furthermore, they failed to reach an understanding with the Allies. The energy of Col. Claus von Stauffenberg finally brought the plot to a head on July 20, 1944, but his attempt on Hitler's life and the subsequent putsch failed, confirming Hitler's belief in his own invincibility.

On June 6, 1944, the Allies invaded France; later, the Russians broke through in the east, forcing Hitler to move his headquarters to Berlin. He showed increasing signs of physical and mental disintegration, intensified by an illness that had not been properly treated by his physician, a quack doctor, upon whom Hitler had become dependent for injections. With the Allies crossing the Rhine River and the Russians closing in on Berlin, he at last acknowledged defeat and decided to commit suicide; but he wanted Germany to follow suit. Germany, he argued, had proved itself unworthy of his genius and had failed to prevail in the struggle for life.

As his personality disintegrated, however, so did the loyalty of his lieutenants. Albert Speer, the minister of armaments and munitions, refused to carry out Hitler's order to institute a scorched-earth policy in Germany; Goering, from his retreat in Bavaria, tried to usurp Hitler's leadership; and Himmler attempted to negotiate with the Allies. Hitler condemned them, but without effect. Only Goebbels, Bormann, and Eva Braun, whom he now married, remained with him. Hitler dictated his political testament and appointed Adm. Doenitz his successor. With the Russians rapidly approaching his bunker in Berlin, Hitler and Eva committed suicide on April 30, 1945.

Eva Braun,HITLERS MISTRESS,WHO ACCOMPANIED HITLER IN SORROW OF DEATH LOALLY


LINKS
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adolf_Hitler

NAZI GERMANY
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nazi_Germany#Nazi_ideology
HISTORY

http://www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/riseofhitler/index.htm

EDUCATIONAL KEY POINTS MATERIAL OF Fuehrer A.HITLER
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/GERhitler.htm

http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/GERhitler.htm

POSITIVE THINKING

Step 1: Take passionate action towards living your life by design. Talk is cheap. Action = success of a passionately authentic future. Successful People turn their dreams into reality by Taking Action

Step 2:
Commit to yourself to create successful life you can be proud of Instead of reacting, commit to creating from your heart and soul, out of love rather than fear. Your dream will always be there, but a dream will still be a dream without your commitment. Take action with commitment and be amazed as the transformation begins.

Step 3: Recognize and embrace the thought that each moment is perfect regardless of its outcome Every time you hit on something that may appear too extreme, why not give it a shot and see if it will work. You will be surprised to see of there are other ways to get the task done in time. If you are not pleased with the outcome, decide to use that moment to learn from and make the appropriate shift.

Step 4:Dwell completely in a place of gratitude Learn to utilise what you have in your hands and make use of it in the most constructive way. Slipping into neediness will become less of a habit when you repeatedly shift towards gratitude, away from poverty consciousness.

Step 5: Use a Passion Formula of Recognise Re-evaluate and Restore In place of I should have / I would have /I could have done it this way. The former is based on increased knowledge and abundance while the latter focuses on scarcity and lack. When something goes wrong don't sit down and mope about, recognise your mistakes and learn from them for the next time

Step 6:

Keep humour at the forefront of thought Laughing at and with your self when possible. You may find yourself quite entertaining when you loosen up! I am yet to see a comedian ever go hungry even though his jokes are as 'old as great-grandma'. Life has so much to offer to allow you to mope around in self pity. Humour is very attractive, very passionate: life-giving.

Step 7: Believe that you are the architect of your destiny No one can take your passionate future from you except for you! Create your life authentically. As long as there's still breath in your body, there is no end to how much you can accomplish in a lifetime. The concept of thinking big is all about enjoying your work, which would lead to celebrate a discovery that is born within your hands. Watch everything flow into place with perfect, passionate precision.